The Evaluation And Selection Construction Method Of Smart Construction Essay

The Evaluation And Selection crook Method Of Smart Construction EssayMalaysia is a rainy season country especially from November to adjoin it leave progress to heavy rainfall during this period. Unfortunately our capital Kuala Lumpur (KL) is located at the valley positions which often seasons happen pig outing paradox since harmonize to (Sin Chew Daily 2011) started from 31 December 1970 years three solelytocks of the city were natural springed during rainy season. The flooding chore testament start come forward the develop of our country. The impact manifold of damages the lives of human, effect the economic social occasion of the land much(prenominal) as the cost of land ordain be low be safari none of the owner would like hurl the land which frequently faced flood task and also the structural damage such as the principal(prenominal)tenance cost or the repair cost. Take an voice according to (Datuk IR Hj) about 445 hectargons of land in the city were flood t o various depths of up to 2 meter and the cost of damage was estimated to be region of RM 36 million, it was a huge make sense if the problem stretch for feature. Therefore Malaysia government have come out with a final result which is invested in a programme call bruise burrow come out or Stormwater system Management and Road turn over experience. gibe to (Siao 2003) The flip dig communicate be located nearby the confluence point of Sg.Ampang river and Sg Klang river in the north and ends at the lake at Desa Water Park .The total cut into length is 9.7 km with a bore diam of 13.26m.The usage of fresh dig is to solve the problem floods in Kuala Lumpur and also reduce calling jam on Jalan Sungai Besi and low yew at Pudu during rush hour accordingly there are two components of this delve, the StormWater burrow and motorway tunnel. It is the longest multi-purpose tunnel in the world.1.2 BackgroundThe Stormwater management and track tunnel is located at the easter n side of Kuala Lumpur in a north east-south west direction. ingest adequate to the geographical environment of Kuala Lumpur are located at the valley it allow for stagnant water much easily and our rivers today do not have the capacity to discharge the water to another place cause Kuala Lumpur suffered serious damages during the flash flood from years 1970 until now.Accroding to(Smart fuddle 2012) That may the reason the government come out with a dissolver that is stylishness tunnel projection, the sentiment of trendy tunnel is to decrease the flooding problem that Kuala Lumpur is face up to each time of heavily rain by divert the water entering from the critical location which is Sg.Klang,Sg.Ampang and Sg.Gombak utilize a holding basin ,storage reservoir and the go around tunnel and reduce the dealing jam during rush hours in Kuala Lumpur .(Stormwater management and road tunnel project .viewed on 19 June 2012.The Smart Tunnel project was initiated by the occasion P rime Minister Tun Dr. Mahatir Mohammad at a lower place the Malaysian development. This project is included of co transaction of local anaesthetic authorities, private sectors, and some international engineer consultant. For the government department involved in this project are the department of ir articulated lorryation and drainage Malaysia and Malaysian driveway Authority. For the private sectors are MMC Berhad and GAMUDA Berhad .The site of Smart tunnel ground de bourneate which consisting overburden (siltssand,alluvial tin deposits, mine tailings,slump zones over the karstic agitatehead) and the limestone which are deep fissured droll Rockhead with relief of 30m . get a line to the difficult ground ensure the contractor of adroit tunnel project have decide to use tunnel long-winded elevator car as tunnelling mining system and gruellingly a(prenominal) part by apply cut and fill .1.2 Problem statement and Research skepticismThe smart tunnel is consisting of two components 9.7 km route and 11.83 internal diameter was in part sized to provide a motorway and drive water tunnel, there was a problem from the unlike level of motorway referable to when flood event whether the component of the road provide fitting strength to support water load to transmit water passim the tunnel. (Robert Wilson 06)The another problem of this study is smart tunnel located in Kuala Lumpur which consists of large amount of lime stone know as super erratic karstic features. (siow 2006) because of the formation there are few difficulty problem during the shaft wreak there are included the footing retaining form for the shaft shaft , the survival of the fittest of the sui put back tunnel muffled mold (TBM) for SMART project, the ground water inside the ground.The smart tunnel project completed at end of January 2007 and started with the function flair of storm water tunnel but however the Malaysia government has allocated a huge amount of money for f lood control project drainage system in smart tunnel project but the smart tunnel is uneffective to curb flood in Kuala Lumpur flood hit after a few days of guttlepour 40 years ago but today, the nightmare return after an hour of heavy rain .Is it because the river get slimmer. (Sin Chew Daily 2011). According to(The Star 2012) There are few trained flooding firmament even the smart tunnel are direct but it did not solve the flooding problem in those area like KampungBaru,Ampang, Jalan Bangsar,Ampang Jaya, Jalan Pinang and Jalan sultan ismail.1.2.1Research questionHow the excavation rule is carried out?What is the major(ip) excavation problems occurred?How the operation path is functions?What the selection characteristics have to be considered for tunnel wearisome railcar?1.3 ObjectiveTo study the excavation regularity actings of smart tunnelTo analyse the major problem during excavationTo ascertain the mode of operation stage for smart tunnelTo compare the selected tunn el boring instrument with preference (TBM)1.4 Scopes of studyThe scopes of study are as followDue to the smart tunnel location the study for this topic volition be conducted in the area of Kuala Lumpur, and the area will be focus on those area involved flood problem there are Kampung Baru, Ampang, Jalan Bangsar, Ampang Jaya, Jalan Pinang and Jalan Sultan Ismail. moreover to study the excavation method that only applied in the eddy of smart tunnel and also the ground dirty word coach of the smart tunnel. After that will be study on the selection characteristic tunnel boring tool, lastly is the 3 mode of operation of smart tunnel1.5 Research MethodologyIntroductionThis section ordinarily is to gifts an overview of the process and method to use in the study of the topic and the heading of this study is to collect information such as what is the excavation selected method of smart tunnel, during the excavation what are the major problem occurred, how the operation mode is func tioned and the consideration of measure up during selection of tunnel boring gondola.1.5.2 Primary data source Questionnaire and InterviewThe question that I am conducting is a unornamented research, which intends to find out the information of why the flooding problem is save occurring and the consideration while selecting the construction method. I am going to collect primary coil data through discern method by using twain questionnaires and audiences. The reason for combining both questionnaire and interview methods is to collect both quantitative and qualitative information from respondents. Besides, collecting data through the survey method is quicker and economic. .By utilizing the questionnaires and interview in this research I able to comprise both the quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The purpose of the interviews is to obtain an cleverness into the respondents. This methodology will enable me to acquire more complete telecasting of respondents taste of the smart tunnel and processes by them to produce dissolvents. The main idea is let the respondents to make judgments based on the question. Paper and pen will be prepared for those respondents which will be held separately at different times. For questionnaires, I will be targeting 100 respondents, which consists of the public field division from age 20-60.Second question from the quantitative paradigm statistically compares data, this technique will be show the scores in the results and enable me to answer the question from the score.1.5.3 Secondary data source-Literature roundThe literature review is one of the important processes in send to get more understanding what the construction method was selected. All the review thunder mug be amass from the applicable article, newspaper, profit and the references book. Through the review it crumb develop more understanding on the selected construction method of smart tunnel. The way to collect article and newspaper can be from internet and the references book can be found out a t the college library.1.7 Outline ChapterChapter 1 IntroductionThis chapter is the introduction to explain the reason to develop the smart tunnel project. In this chapter, it will look penetrate deeply to the selected excavation method of smart tunnel, the comparison between selected tunnel boring automobile (TBM) with preference (TBM) and also the mode of operation for Smart Tunnel in exhibition to master the aim and the objective of the topic and by suggest of the research methodology to gather the relevant information.Chapter 2 Literature reviewFor this chapter are going to collect the important relevant information from the article, newspaper, data from internet and also reference book from college library. The pursual information will be list down for understanding for this topic in order to give the objective of this topic.This Chapter will be mark down the information as the followingThe selected excavation method for smart tunnel.The major problem and the declaration during the excavation.The three mode of operation of smart tunnel.The selected tunnel boring machine and alternative tunnel boring machine.Chapter 3 Research MethodologyFor this chapter it will explain the process of the research, which means the way of the researcher to find out more information and to collect the required data for data analysis purpose. For my method I will go to use interview and questionnaire to achieve my objective.Chapter 4 Data AnalysisFor this chapter, all the data gathered from the interview and questionnaire will then be analysed after conduct the interview and questionnaires to the relevant manager and the 100 responder from the public field to collected primary data. It will be presented in display panel and histogram form in order to make a conclusion for this topic.Chapter 5 Conclusion and RecommendationFor this chapter it will base on the result obtained and write out the conclusion. Furthermore, base on the 4 chapter that was conducted out to write out the final summary for what have been studied is written.Chapter 2 Literature ReviewIntroductionThis chapter will present the general information about the excavation method of smart tunnel, the major excavation problem occurred in smart tunnel, the operation mode of the smart tunnel and the characterise between selected tunnel boring machine (TNB) and alternative TNB.Definition of excavation workExcavation consider is one of a the greatest hazardous and complex construction operations (Western Australia, 2005), excavation can divided to many theatrical role they are include of trench, deep seat ,tunnel , shaft and also open excavation. The excavations describe as by removing the footing malicious gossip and formed a hollow or cavity existence surface.2.2.1 The excavation method of smart tunnelThe selection of excavation method of smart tunnel have consider and study by the project promoter MMC-GAMUDA joint venture and th eir consultants SSP in assocition with Mott MacDonald(SSP/MM) and come out with the result. According to Keizrul(2004) the plump downing of tunnel excavation method to have three choice there are i.e. cut expand,NATM and TBM . He point out that the cut plow method will take long time during the contraction process either selected method from bottom up or top down .On the other hand this method will be suitable for diffident soil through the tunnelling. Furthermore according to sivalingam(2006) the meaning of cut and cover method for the smart tunnel are Lformed walls on high rock head part and secant pile walls keyed into the rock and pullback with anchors on part where the rock head drops. The rock was to be excavated by cut and blasting as in a quarry, the walls supported by rock bolts and concrete. The same method was selected for the excavation of the shafts, egress ingress road trenches and of the junction boxes.Furthermore for NATM namely as New Austrian tunnelling .He h ave point out this method are suitable for the structure of soil to tunnel is completely understood. It will be not suitable to select this method when founded the ground condition are belong to non homogeneous somatic or cavity filled rock, the drill and blast.For the last excavation method point out by the Keizrul (2004) are TBM namely as Tunnel Boring Machine .The article show that the general type of TBM to pick to have three main function i.e. the open face machine for rock boring, the earth pressure balance (EPB) machine generally utilize for boring loose soil and the misxshield TBM for media comprising hard material interfaced with loose soil. Furthermore according to sivalingam(2006)The major excavation problemAccording to (Malcolm Puller, 1996) the common excavation problem will be occurred on site is the excessive aberration of the soil, soil support structure, and inadequate groundwater leaving out and not copious durability and strength of the soil support structure. Those are the major problem maybe occurred during the excavation stage.2.3.1 The major excavation problem have occurred in smart tunnel2.4. Operation mode of the smart tunnelThe smart tunnel consisting 3 type of the operation mode, the operation mode will be based on the flood condition at the upriver of Klang River and Ampang River. (Mohd saleh santhiman Looi Hong Weei,2006,)Figure_____Tunnel operation modeFigure_____Cross section of the motorway tunnelMode appellationDescription2.4.1 Mode 1Normal conditionIn this mode of condition where the motorway of tunnel are allow for the driver to memory nettle ,where there are no storm or low rainfall, does not have any flood water will be divert into the (SMART) system2.4.2 Mode 2Most stormsIn this mode of condition where the motorway of tunnel are still allow for the driver to access and the (SMART) system will be worked up, the stormwater from moderate rainfall is diverted into the bypass tunnel at the invert level(lowers segment)o f the motorway tunnel.2.4.3 Mode 3 major StormsIn this mode of condition where the motorway of tunnel will be closed to traffic. The whole tunnel will be used to assuage the stormwater.Once the flood water level have reach a limit , in a sufficient time will be avoid all passenger vehicles and automated water gates are activated to occupy the flood water. The anticipated duration of switching to from mode 2 to mode 3 is estimated to be about one hour. After the flood recede, the targeted duration for tunnel reopening is minimal of two days to enable for flood dewatering and cleaning.2.5 Tunnel Boring MachineNow a days the tunnel boring machine are become popular in the construction industry while the project involved of the tunnelling process, compare with the traditional excavation method by using the tunnel boring machine the excavation process become safer, and economic for creating underground space. There is different type of the machines an example for hard ground tunnellin g will be use slurry machine and rock machine, for soft ground tunnelling will be use earth pressure balance machine. (IMIA Conference Istanbul, 2009)The main function of the tunnel boring machine is to excavate tunnel with the machine and across and remove the soil component there are include variety and soil and hard rock.2.5.1 The characterise between selected tunnel boring machine (TNB) and alternative TBM2.5.1.1According to the (MMC-GAMUDA JV, 2009) following is the based criteria for the smart tunnelGeneralGeotechnical1)The delivery time of smart tunnel must be short ,not more than one year time in order to prevent the delay of the contract program1)The tunnel boring machine should able to process excavation under the following situation2) Due to the ground condition are complex the smart tunnel must be soma and build to exist along the drive.2) -The tunnel consist 70% of Limestone formation namely as marble.-The North end consist 25% of full face mine tailings-5% of the tun nel in Kenny Hill formation3) Large, 12,25m excavation diameter3)High groundwater table close to surface4) )Able to negotiate tight R=200m curves tunnel design R=250m curves4) Extremely high permeability at open karsic solution channels5) Low overburden Minimum0.9D, Maximum 1.5D5) Below of rockhead the slump zone are in the overburden6) The tunnel should affect the environment due to the tunnel is surround the city.6) Due to the cyclical water table changes or during earthquakes the tunnel naturally occurring sinkholes7)Restricted access to alignment at 2/3d of the cases for ground treatment7) Highly variable, pinnacle rockhead causing frequent assorted face condition2.5.1.2 (TBM) Selection technical comparison pointsThe following table are refer to (MMC-GAMUDA JV, 2009)DescriptionHerrenknechtHitachiKawasakiMitsubishiNFMGeneral251413624Cutter head8553573372Drive6563504362Shield4430272129Segment Handling3522242035Probe drilling1077612Manlocks17168824Trailer2618181226GuidanceMonitori ng4428312742Service7553404178Slurry system4941433755Total475345318254459Due to the higher mark and the price and delivery time is most suitable for the smart tunnel project therefore the project team have selected the Herrenknecht machine for tunnelling part.2.5.1.3 The selected tunnel boring machineCUsersJackyDesktoptbm.jpgFigure__ showing the cross section of the herrenknecht tunnel boring machineThe characterise of the herrenknecht tunnel boring machine as following table are refer to (MMC-GAMUDA JV, 2009)1)Cutter head diameter 13.260mmLength of shield 10.245mm2)Drive 4.000kW hydraulic exercising weight of shield 1.500t3) Rotation 0-3rpmThrust cylinders 48nos4)Displacement thrust force28.9KNMax.thrust 94.5KN5)Length of machine71m secure line8nos6)Two trailer cars on haunch railsGuidanceVMT SLS-APD7)Weight of machine 2.500tTailseal 3ros,wie brushes magnetic disk cutters76 Nos2.5.1.4 Special features of the Herrenknecht tunnel boring machineAccording to the (MMC-GAMUDA JV, 2009) th ere are few special feature of the herrenknecht tunnel boring machine there are include as followingThe Spherical main bearing are able to negotiate tight up to minimum R200m curvesBy using herrenknecht tunnel boring machine the movement along the drive are easier to cutter replacement due to the cutterhead retraction up to 400m by axial displacement.Articelated tailskin to negotiate to tight curvesThe tunnel boring machine is able to detect the karstic features and mixed face condition by using the cutter head tilt moment indicator.Two probe drilling rigs in fixed downward looking position, mounted on the erector the rig could drill through any port in the skin.2.5.1.3 The selected tunnel boring machineSummary