Discuss the importance of Roman construction

Roman architecture is a fusion of Etrus house elements and traditional Greek. Horizontal beams be supported by columns and arches are developed. The arch is further developed into dome. The basic building materials are stones, in high spiritsly expensive stain and developed concrete. Colorful chips of stone inset into the cement are widely in vogue. One can see in Roman homes mural decorating floors, grottoes in geometric and pictorial designs, on walls. Different regional tastes, choice of the patrons dominates the scene of Roman Architecture.It goes to the credit of Roman Engineering that concrete for building practices is adopted The flair relating to designing and construction of the domes, can still be seen in North America and throughout Europe. The finest modeling of Roman Architecture is the Roman Colosseum, the well-known amphitheatre in the world. It is also known as Amphitheatrum Flavium, by and by the dynasty of Flavian. Construction was initiated by the Emperor Ves pasian around 72 AD. His son Titus reigned over its completion and the official disruption ceremonies, about 8 years later, in 80 AD.The huge theater was originally built encompassing four floors. The first three had arched entrances, while the fourth floor utilized rectangular doorways. The floors all(prenominal) measured among 10, 5-13, 9 meters (32-42 feet) in height. The total height of the construction was approximately 48 meters (144 feet). The theater measured 79 x 45 meters (237-135 feet), and consisted of wood and sand. Nets along the sides protected the audience. (The Colosseum ) The spectator capacity is between 45,000-55,000. Travertine is outside, and tufa and brick in the interior.Each marble block utilise for the main pedestal weighs 11,000 pounds. They are held together by metal pins. Later mortar is used, when thieves strike to remove the metal pins. The total amount of marble devolved in the construction is approximately 100,000 cubic metes. The numbers of entrances are 80, 76 for the general spectators and 4 for the VIPs and the gladiators. For the audience, the first grade is throne-types seat with backs. These are also the pose of honor. Women, when permitted to attend the programs, sit in a separate section.Upper diazomata seats are reserved for foreigners. The architectural design is so imaginative and great from the point of view of sparkle that no artificial lighting is necessary, as the performances are held during the day. Sound effects are, however, used. The Pantheon-temple of all Gods According t Michelangelo, Pantheon is angelic and not human design. The present Pantheon is about 1900 years old . Many legends prevail regarding the former structures of Pantheon. This is planned and designed by Hadrian, in 120 AD.His plans called for a structure with three main split a pronaos or entrance portico, a circular domed rotunda or vault, and a connection between the two. The rotundas internal geometry would create a perfect sphere, since the height of the rotunda to the top of its dome would match its diameter 142 feet (43. 30 m). At its top, the dome would have an oculus or eye, a circular opening, with a diameter of 27 feet (8. 2m), as its only light source. (Parker) Many imaginative and spiritual ideas are experimented on the design of this structure. This is conceived to be the sanctuary of all Gods.Timber forms layered with pozzolana cement are used in the foundation of the structure. This cement is do by grinding together lime and a volcanic product of Italy. The structure is supported by 16 gray granite columns. Each is 39 feet (11. 8 m) tall, five feet (1. 5 m) in diameter, and 60 gobs in weight. The dome is constructed in tapering course. The base is 20 feet and thinnest at the oculus, 7. 5 feet. Pantheon is one of the marvels of the engine room skill, as this structure, with the awesome dome span, built on marshy land, is still perfect after the fall behind of 2000 years.The technical d etails are as under Built 120-126 AD under Emperor Hadrian, origination 24 wide at base and steps to 21 at ground level, Rotunda concrete, 20 thick 142 diameter, Oculus concrete 7. 5 thick 27 diameter, Interior Columns 3 diameter, 29 tall excel with a Corinthian capital, of 4 totaling 32 9 tall, 25 tons each, Portico 16 granite columns 39 tall, 5 diameter, 60 tons each. (Parker) Other Roman Engineering skills to improve the lifestyles Roman aqueduct at Segovia Water tack on to the entire city of Rome is done through using a system of 4=640 kilometers of aqueducts.The aqueduct at Segovia in Spain is one such creation of the engineering skill of Romans. The system stands the test of time. Many roadstead in Western Europe built with Roman engineering skills are still in use. The baths at Bath, England are used now also. The churches, palaces and lighthouses built by Romans are currently in use. The Hadrians palisade built in an inhospitable part of England is an engineering marve l. It is 117 kilometers long and in some body politics, 6 meters high and 3 meters thick.This wall is built to protect soldiers from the onslaught of wind and cold. The forts can hold up to chiliad men. The facilities like washrooms and toilets are adequate. The wall has stood the test of time, though poorly maintained, and the precious marble part of it are removed and utilized for private use by the unscrupulous farmers. Roman houses for the rich are single-story houses, built around an atrium. Beyond an atrium was a second open courtyard known as a peristylum. This area included a garden and it also had rooms opening up off of it.In the homes of the wealthy, the gardens served as a stick outing point so they were designed to be shady and comfortable so that people could meet in them regardless of whether the sun was fierce. (Roman) One of the famous houses where Roman mosaic has been extensively used is Fishbourne castling in West Sussex. A unique under floor heating known as hypocaust is used to keep the houses warm. Architecture and the Engineering skill to execute a perfect project are substitute(a) beats of the same heartand Romans have many standing witnesses to prove this point.